Essay on Business Ethics - 1239 Words

Business Ethics Corporate fraud has grabbed national headlines repeatedly in the last year. Although, Enron and World Com are two of the highest profile cases of corporate scam, ethics in the business world are generally deplorable. One of the most morally reprehensible cases to hit the newspapers in the past several years is that of Robert R. Courtney. His sense of business and personal ethics reflects moral depravity at its darkest moment. What he did was evil on both a business and certainly on a personal level. As a pharmacist, he was entrusted by patients, oncologists, and major drug companies, to fill prescriptions for cancer patients. He defied and denied this trust. Apparently he owed the IRS $600,000, and ironically†¦show more content†¦Courtney violated this theory. What he did in essence was to cruelly twist the theory of utilitarianism by delivering the greatest harm to the most people he could. He had it turned around and was apparently not concerned with how his gre edy, short-sighted , and immoral behavior was affecting others. Although this theory gives latitude to individual definitions of â€Å"good†, Courtney ‘s manipulation of good and evil, right and wrong could not be justified on any level. Immanuel Kant posed a different framework from which ethics evolve. He supposed that actions spring from a person’s sense of duty. Is it possible Robert Courtney felt his duty to the IRS and to his local church was more important than his professional duty to dying cancer patients? Courtney’s duty as pharmacist should have prevailed and kept him from doing what he did. Both teleological and deontological theories emphasize dignity and respect. Robert Courtney violated each of these theories. In the beginning, regardless of his actions being accidental or deliberate, the pharmacist must have contemplated his own sensibilities and moral convictions. Supposing that Robert R. Courtney had never developed any moral character, rules governing pharmacists’ behavior prohibit what he did. It was his duty to take these rules into account and abide by them, when in fact Courtney did the exact opposite. He defied personal and professionalShow MoreRelatedBusiness Ethi cs : Ethics And Business943 Words   |  4 Pagesdiscussions in Business is Ethics. Some people believe that the decisions businesses make in interest of the business has no place in ethics and that they are essentially amoral. These businesses believe that their main objective is to simply make a profit and that it does not affect the success of the business. Whereas some businesses believe that they have to take ethics into consideration, in order for their business to be a success. Richard T. De George (1999) states that ethics and business do notRead MoreThe Ethics Of Business Ethics1471 Words   |  6 PagesReview Nowadays, the concern for business ethics is growing rapidly in the business community around the world. Business ethics are focused on the judgment of decisions taken by managers and their behaviors. The issue regarding these judgments is the norms and cultures that shape these judgments. Business ethics are concerned about the issue, how will the issue be solved and how will it move ahead along the transition analysis as well (Carroll, 2014). Business ethics can be addressed at differentRead MoreEthics And Ethics Of Business Ethics1304 Words   |  6 PagesBusiness Ethics Varun Shah University of Texas at Dallas Business Ethics Morals are a crucial part of life. Without having principles one would never be able to distinguish the right from wrong and good from evil. Just as it applies to life in general, ethics is an integral part of doing business as well. When we here the term Business Ethics in our work place, we usually do not take it seriously and brush it off saying ‘it’s just a simple set of basic rules like not cheating and so on’. ThisRead MoreThe Ethics Of Business Ethics Essay1097 Words   |  5 PagesResource A discusses how ethics is crucial in business. There are three key ideas used to understand this. Firstly, making ethically wrong decisions tend to cause more upset than other general mistakes as purposeful unethical actions are not as easily forgiven or forgotten. Secondly, ethics provides businesses with a broader understanding of everything to do with their business. Business ethics is effectively just business it its larger human context. Thirdly, being unethical ca n tarnish the publicRead MoreThe Ethics Of Business Ethics1064 Words   |  5 Pages　　　　Business Ethics Ethics can be viewed as the rules and values that determine goals and actions people should follow when dealing with other human beings. However, business ethics can be defined as moral principles of a business. It examines moral or ethical problems that arise in a business environment. Generally, it has both normative and descriptive dimensions. Organization practice and career specialization are regarded as normative whereas academics attempting to understand business behaviourRead MoreThe Ethics Of Business Ethics757 Words   |  4 Pagesdeciding what to do in certain situations, ethics is what guides an individual to act in a way that is good, or right. Those involved in business settings apply ethics to business situations, known as business ethics. It is expected of businesses, small and large, to follow business ethics. There is a particular framework businesses are to follow. However, the reoccurring news headlines of poor business ethics prove differently. Poor busine ss ethics include bribery, corporate accounting scandalsRead MoreEthics And Ethics Of Business Ethics1200 Words   |  5 PagesEthics meaning in simple way for average person is what is right from wrong. According to Chris MacDonald (2010)† Ethics† can be defined as the critical, structured examinations of how we should behave - in particular, how we should constrain the pursuit of self-interest when our actions affect others. â€Å"Business ethics is the applied ethics discipline that address the moral features of commercial activity (Business ethics, 2008).Working in ethical way in business has a lot of benefits which can attractRead MoreBusiness Ethics Essay944 Words   |  4 PagesUnderstanding Business Ethics Unit 37: National Diploma Assignment brief TASK 1: Scenario: Business ethics - a study of a selected company With growing interest among consumers regarding the business ethics of the businesses brands that consumers buy, Westminster council wants to conduct an independent review of some of the organisations that sell their goods and services in the borough. You have been asked to select one of the following brands and conduct research into their business ethics. Read MoreThe Ethics Of The Business Ethics1431 Words   |  6 Pages BUSINESS ETHICS INTRODUCTION:- Presentation Ethics are exceptionally regular and essential good esteem that helps us to take the right choice where we think that it hard to pick between our own advantages and the correct thing to do. We are going to talk about three sections of morals Behavioral morals, Bounded ethicality and last one is irreconcilable situation. As from the names of these parts of morals, its verging on clarifying the significance of it. It clarifies why great individualsRead MoreThe Ethics Of Business Ethics Essay2711 Words   |  11 PagesBusiness Ethics Business ethics is a type of professional ethics or applied ethics which examines moral problems and ethical principles that come up in a corporate environment. It is applied to every aspect of conducting business. According to Milton Friedman, a company has the responsibility to generate as much revenue as it can while still conforming to the basic rules that society has set. These rules include the ones embodied in customs as well as in law. Similarly, Peter Drucker stated that

Should Marijuana Be Legalized - 1542 Words

Marijuana is a very controversial issue, but even more controversial is the use during pregnancy. There is no definitive answer to whether it should be used or not. Marijuana is known to have many medical uses but is still seen as a dangerous drug. The use of marijuana during pregnancies should be studied more thoroughly and, if the results are positive, should be looked at as a valid form of relief for mothers with symptoms. Since europeans first traveled to America in the 1600s, marijuana has been grown in the United States. King James I had every colonist grow 100 plants to be exported back to Europe for textiles. George Washington and Thomas Jefferson had also been known to grow marijuana on their plantations. The 1850s were the first†¦show more content†¦Along with exaggerating the dangers of marijuana, it falsely informed americans of the effects of the drug. The Uniform State Narcotics Act of 1932 gave legislation control of the regulation of marijuana. The Great Depression also caused the view of marijuana to go down even more as it became looked at as a problem with more people using it than ever with unemployment at an all time high. The government claimed smoking marijuana was associated with criminal activity and committed by â€Å"racially inferior or underclass communities.† In the 1950s, the Boggs Act and Narcotics Control Act set mandatory sentences for drug-related offense s. The Controlled Substances Act of 1970 classified marijuana as â€Å"having high potential for abuse, no medical use, and not safe without medical supervision† in response to the counter-culture of the 1960s and 70s. The CSA regulated the manufacturing, importing, possession, use and distribution of cannabis. Since that time, the decriminalization of marijuana has been a present issue of debate in America as well as many other countries. It has been found to have medicinal uses and it is increasingly popular recreationally. If history shows anything, it’s that marijuana isn’t going anywhere and that the criminalization of it was in response to an exaggerated fear. One of the

Crisis in Australian Film Industry Free Essays

Films from down under are going, well, down and under†(Humphreys S cited in Kaufman T, 2009). This essay will confirm there is a crisis is the Australian Film Industry through exploring the economic, political and cultural factors that led to the crisis. The current economic climate and political decisions have had a significant impact on the Australian film industry, leading to lower production rates of overseas films in Australia. We will write a custom essay sample on Crisis in Australian Film Industry or any similar topic only for you Order Now The internal and external cultural factors will be explored to highlight the responsibility the Australian public and the industry had and how ailing to meet these responsibilities has further deepened the already unfortunate circumstances in the industry. However there are economical, political and cultural factors that have led to the crisis in the industry; this essay will also explore why it is called a ‘crisis’. Thus exploring the loss of Jobs, the lack of Australian films being produced, and most importantly the erosion of a sense of national identity that Australians gain through Australian cinema. Recent successful Australian films ‘Australia’ (Alarm B, 2008) and ‘Black Balloon’ (Down E, 2008) represents the laity that films should be produced to create a successful industry; this reinforces the sense of nationhood at risk of being lost. There is a common misconception that the strong Australian dollar benefits the economy (Boded M, 2010). However for the Australian film industry this is not the case, the Australian dollar has risen to a 28 year high (Dingle S, 2011) so it is justifiable to say this has significantly contributed to the crisis in the industry. Film executives believe that â€Å"the industry is in a crisis and in real pain but we scant tell the al story without sending your international customers running† (unknown cited in Boded M, 2010). Therefore, due to the strong dollar the film industry is in a lose-lose situation further deepening the crisis it is faced with. This is because international films being produced in Australia are significantly more expensive; hence Australia cannot remain competitive in the global market. Alarms McFarland from Deluxe Promotions states that the last international production that was produced in Australia was the 2009, Gavin Hood film Wolverine’ and before that, Bag Loran’s Film ‘Australia’ (2008) (Cited in Dingle S, 2011). This three-year drought in international film production in Australia exemplifies the importance of a particular economic climate in order to attract overseas production in Australia and to lead to a successful Film Industry. The strong Australian dollar has significantly reduced the amount of international films being produced in Australia in recent years. Rising Sun Pictures co-founder Tony Clark stated that the current economic climate is â€Å"killing us all† and finding new business is crucial but close too impossible at this stage (cited in Boded M, 2010). This has led to a chain of inopportune circumstances, further elevating the extent of the crisis. Due to the lack of international film production in Australia there is significant lull in Jobs in the film industry. The current situation in the industry can be labeled as a crisis as production companies are cutting staff to reduce costs and then the advertising and television (Dingle S, 2011). Production in Australia also creates employment through the use of stunt doubles, extras and film crew. The lack of overseas production will therefore result in limited Job opportunities in the industry. Therefore the strong dollar has a negative impact on the economy through the perspective of the film industry, as there are higher unemployment rates. Ultimately the Australian film industry needs to position themselves differently within the current economic climate and market place to gain some sort of benefit from the current economic climate (Hear G, Ryan M D, 2010). Economic factors contributing to the crisis in the industry can arguably be eliminated by political decisions. The Australian Government has failed to introduce adequate tax incentives to attract foreign film production in Australia, which is further stabilizing the current economic climate (Hear G, Ryan M D, 2010). Australian film commissioner Tracey Iberia believed the 15% tax offset â€Å"Just wasn’t strong enough† for overseas production to stay in Australia and the tax offset should be doubled to 30% (cited in Dingle S, 2011). The Government will review Subfamily’s proposal but some people in the industry fear it may be too late. Central City Rod Allen believes tax incentives cannot lessen the effect of the high dollar and â€Å"the incentives can’t compensate enough now’ (cited in Boded M, 2010). However, others state that the tax s â€Å"not a grant; it’s designed to deliver significant inflows of external investment into Australia† (McFarland cited in Dingle S, 2011). Thus questioning the feasibility of introducing a tax incentive and its ability to seize the crisis in the Australian Film industry. Through exploring past tax incentives, it is evident that tax incentives do not cause enduring improvement to an industry. The ABA scheme was first introduced in the sass’s, which led to growth in various companies in and associated with the film industry. However tax incentive such as these can lead to an â€Å"unstable bubble† in the Australian Film industry, attracting film to be produced in Australia and as the tax deflates so does the production rate of films, causing a negative slum in the industry (Burns A, Lethal B, 2010). Through investigating past tax incentives, it is seen that incentives fail to create stability, through this the extent of the crisis is recognized by showing that tax incentives will not cease the crisis. The success or failure of the Australian Film Industry is often based on the box office success. However statistics from Screen Australia show that the 100 Australian eater films released between 2007-2009 had a total audience viewing off million by February 2011 and only 6% was viewed at the cinema (Screen Australia). This indicates that basing the success of the Australian Film Industry on box office figures is not necessarily a viable source as the Box Office only indicates a films profit made in cinema. Film writer Linden Barber believes the film industry â€Å"needs to get away from the fixation on the box office†¦ It doesn’t matter where people see films as long as they view them† (2008 cited in Kaufman T, 2009). Therefore can it be Justified hat the Australian Film industry is not in crisis, but purely the unfavorable economic notion, however the industry can be recognized as being in a crisis by the lack of drive for Australians to view Australian films in cinema, therefore Australians are becoming deprived of a sense of national identity achieved through Australian film (Hear G, Ryan M D, 2010). One may be led to believe that Australians strong sense of nationhood and pride would entice them to watch Australian films to attain a sense of imagined community (Anderson B, 2006). However this is not the case, Australians have become a â€Å"viewing population- not a viewing nation† (Vernon D, 2005) weakening the sense of imagined community shared amongst Australians. The Age’s film writer, Jim Schemers argues that a lack of marketing has put the industry in this predicament (cited in Kaufman T, 2009). Where as American films understand the importance of promotion, this recognizes the simple ways American films dominate Australian films in the Box Office (Kaufman T, 2009). This ‘American’ style of promotion may of lead to the booming success of the film ‘Australia’ (Hear G, Ryan M D, 2010), which raked in an enormous $26,91 5,773 (Screen Australia) in the box office alone. This stresses that maybe internal factors of the industry are the cause of the crisis. The negative attitudes within the industry about the industry have transcended to Australian viewers. The 2008 film ‘Black Balloon’ (Down E, 2008) displays images of ‘Australians’ to its viewers and creates a sense of nationhood amongst viewers, however it’s co-writer had a different effect on the Australian public. Jimmy Jack singled out other nominees at the Australian Film industry awards when saying â€Å"F*KC you! With pride accepting his award followed by a roaring applause. This highlights an industry comfortable insulting others in the industry (Kaufman T, 2009). Thus encouraging and tolerating a negative attitude towards the Australian film industry that the Australian public has accepted. This ultimately drives the issues in the film industry deeper into crisis. Australian cinema (not Just films produced in Australia) fosters an Australian story, representing and preserving Australian culture, character and identity (Marcher, 1999 cited in Hear G, Ryan M D, 2010). When exploring why the Australian film industry is babbled a ‘crisis’ it is evident it is because of the erosion of national identity and a sense of imagined community, which can be achieved through Australian film. Bag Allurement’s film ‘Australia’ (2008) uses imagery of the Australian landscape to display national identity thus uniting all Australians with a sense of imagined community (Simpson C, 2010). The film also recognizes the gender and racial discourses imprinted into Australians national identity (Hogan J, 2010) in an attempt to create dialogue amongst Australians to help recognize and eliminate the issues. Ultimately Australia’ recognizes Australia’s past and encourages a brighter future for all Australians- indigenous or not. The film achieves this through creating a distinct shift in the attitudes of those within the industry by creating an indigenous film that is not â€Å"Box Office poison† (Simpson C, 2010). The film ‘Australia’ (Lurching B, 2008) represents the power Australian films hold over a sense of imagined community and national identity. Thus representing the lack of nationhood Australians will Unlike ‘Australia’ (Lurching B, 2008) Elise Downs 2008 film ‘Black Balloon’ displayed a ensue of ‘Australians’ in a more subtle way. The film was the second highest grossing film in the Box office in 2008 to ‘Australia’, gaining $2,265,689 in the box office alone (Screen Australia). Although this was less than a tenth of what ‘Australia’ (Lurching B, 2008) grossed, ‘Black Balloon’ (Down E, 2008) may have created a more sustainable sense of nationhood. Contrasting to ‘Australia’ (Alarming B, 2008), the film was not tainted by Hollywood (Parents O, Parker R, 2009), displaying an Australian genre of film and following a less dramatic more realistic story line. Dominic Knight (from the Chaser’s) believes that few Australian filmmakers seem interested in depicting ordinary life (cited in Kaufman T, 2009). Hence Australian films need to maintain their cinematic identity and produce films in which audience’s want to see (Humphreys S, 2008 cited in Kaufman T, 2009). Thus supporting the success of ‘Black Balloon’ (Down E, 2008) in telling a relatable Australian story (Evergreen D, 2005). This further highlights the extent of the crisis, as a sense of imagined community is lost. Through exploring the various driving factors that contributed to the crisis in the Australian Film Industry it is evident that soon, if nothing has been done, the industry will be labeled a tragedy. The industry is sensitive to certain factors and relies heavily on a specific economic climate to attract overseas production. These external factors are beyond the industries control but still need to be addressed. Although some people within the industry believe it is too late, or that a tax incentive would not be effective in the long-run the government along side the Australian Film Industry should investigate option’s before it is too late. Through acknowledging that the industry is in crisis one can only anticipate that Australians will recognize the importance that the film industry has in creating a sense of national identity and imagine community and re-evaluate their attitudes towards Australian cinema. The Australian film industry cannot control the external factors that are contributing to the crisis in the industry, however the; industry, government and Australian public need to recognize the issues in order to salvage the industry and eliminate the factors that labels it as in a crisis. How to cite Crisis in Australian Film Industry, Papers

The Human resource issues in international - MyAssignmenthelp.com

Questions: 1. What is your view about fun at work being used as a specific part of HR management? 2. Compare the approach to HR management at Remedy to that at a current or previous job you have had. 3. Explain how benchmarking HR relates to productivity, service, and quality at Goodyear. 4. How could the results from benchmarking be used for making the organizational change at Goodyear? 5. Explain why the new performance appraisal system at St. Lukes Hospital is more likely to result in more accurate performance appraisals. 6. Describe some of the advantages and disadvantages of combining job descriptions, performance appraisals, and competency profiles for development as St. Lukes did. Answers: Answer 1 Fun at work should be used as a detailed part of HR management (Wilton 2016). Fun at work in Remedy should be encouraged as it makes or keeps employees happy. For instance, Remedy should take an effort to celebrate birthdays of employees and make them feel special on that day. This will help the employees to get temporary relief from work related stress and they will enjoy themselves. After this, the mood of employees will be good and this will result in increase in level in productivity. Fun at work in Remedy should be encouraged where employees should be involves in doing team exercises together. The employees can also be motivated if the company rewards top performers (Tyson 2014). Answer 2 The HR Management at Remedy encourages Fun at work but previous organization had strict environment where there was no fun for employees (Tung 2016). The previous company only wanted productivity from the employees within the stipulated deadline. The HR management approach should be such where employees and company both are benefited by the norms, rules and policies. Employees are the real asset of any business organization and they should get benefits and advantages while working for Remedy. Answer 3 Benchmarking has received its place in the commercial fund. Nowadays, it is derived for studying human resources role and manufacturing role (Tenhil et al. 2016). The HR department of this company is discovering ways where they are of the opinion that benchmarking is necessary as well as useful at the same time. With the advancement of knowledge, new ways for tackling work as well as innovative administration methods help in translating into a form in order to recognize the people side of the trade and aligning human resources with goals of the company. Benchmarking directly relates with productivity as well as service and quality at Goodyear. Benchmarking is one of the ways that help in assessing the best performance that should be achieved by Goodyear. The HR Department needs to gather information and take an effort to identify gaps in the process used in business for achieving competitive advantage (Sparrow, Brewster and Chung 2016). Goodyear should use benchmarking to bring improvement in productivity by identifying the best practices that exist in the given business or industry (Sheehan 2014). Benchmarking technique is used by companies to identify what other business perform as it will help in increasing revenue and productivity and then adapting those technique for making the trade more competitive. Goodyear also uses benchmarking as an enduring procedure that forever changes as well as adjusts. Goodyear should use benchmarking to bring improvement in quality by comparing performance indicators in a time-limited approach. The key features of benchmarking become a part of a wide-ranging as well as participative strategy of constant quality development. Benchmarking is one of the processes that help in measuring internal process of organization and adapting with outstanding practices from other business activities. Benchmarking strategy needs to be adopted by Goodyear. The HR management need to decide on what to benchmark, obtaining data and collecting information, analyzing data and forms action plans, recalibrating and starting the process all over again. Goodyear need to involve in using benchmarking and leads companies to have competitive edge in recent business marketplace. Furthermore, Benchmarking is one of the systematic methods where Goodyear can measure themselves against the best industry practices. Using benchmarking techniques will help in promoting superior perfo rmance by rendering an organized framework. Benchmarking helps in bringing continuous improvement as well as inspires managers or organization to compete. By using benchmarking method, the HR management of Goodyear can borrow ideas as well as adopt and refine them in order to gain competitive. Therefore, benchmarking help in providing basis for training human resources of Goodyear (Riley 2014). Answer 4 It is important to derive the consequences from benchmarking that are used for making managerial change at Goodyear (Reiche, Mendenhall and Stahl 2016). In order to perform organizational change, Goodyear should adopt benchmarking internally against competitors, industry performance. Goodyear should embark upon benchmarking to look at the willingness of management for pursuing a philosophy as it embraces changes in a proactive way rather than reactive manner. The HR Department need to promote teamwork that is purely based upon competitive advantage and it is driven by concrete data analysis. The company should aim at creating early awareness of competitive advantage as well as establishing meaningful performance measures as it reflect fostering quantum leap thinking and focusing on high-payoff opportunities (Paill et al. 2014). Change management is important and so Goodyear engages in using tool of benchmarking activities (Marchington et al. 2016). By adopting this tool, Goodyear help in promoting improvements in level of performance, establishing a competitive edge, enhancing customer satisfaction, reducing costs, improving morale of employees as well as achieving quality awards. Total Quality Management key principles need to be used at Goodyear, as it will help in comparing best practices and meeting the needs of the customer (both internal and external). Goodyear need continuous improvement in their business enterprise and this is possible by enhancing a Total Quality Management Program. Before implanting any approach or tools, it is important for the HR management to clarify the benchmark objectives, definition of scope, process flowchart, setting boundaries. After that, the management needs to examine the flowchart as well as establishing the process measures and verifying the measures that matches ob jectives. Several factors are used to measure the success for benchmarking. In this case, benchmarking should have full support of Senior Management as well as engage in actively supporting in the process. Team as well as process training at Goodyear is very important for benchmarking. Furthermore, benchmarking is one of the ongoing process where certain efforts are organized as well as planned and management in the most appropriate way (Kramar 2014). Answer 5 It is important to explain new performance appraisal system at St. Luke Hospital to get access to more correct performance appraisals (Brewster, Mayrhofer and Morley 2016). The most critical issue that St. Luke Hospital faces today and wants to solve was transition to electronic job descriptions. This hospital have approximately 450 individual job descriptions that need to be managed by using word documents as well as Excel spreadsheet databases. The main objective of St. Luke Hospital is to get away from the management to an electronic system. The underlying reason behind the fact is looking into this product for gaining efficiencies for managing job descriptions with 450 employees. This process was time intensive one that helps in managing edits and distribution. At St. Luke Hospital, changes have been made and managers need to rely upon utilizing these job references by selecting health care sources of St. Luke Hospital. Here, the performance manager gave opportunity to move job d escriptions and even use training sessions through performance appraisals as it help in gaining efficiencies throughout the business enterprise (Brewster et al. 2016). Answer 6 There are several benefits and limitations present when combine job descriptions, performance appraisals and capability profiles for developments within the St. Luke Hospital and these are explained in detail. Combining job descriptions is advantageous for St. Luke Hospital as it is good for industry, great for human resources, transparent and defense against deceptive unemployment claims or lawsuits. On the other hand, combining job description can discourage innovation and expansion activities (Beardwell and Thompson 2014). Combining performance appraisals is advantageous as it help at the time of recruitment process, getting access to better compensation data, legal compliance and people planning. On the contrary, combining performance appraisals for development activities can become outdated very quickly (Baum 2016). Combining competency profiles for development at St. Luke Hospital will be advantageous as it will be good for business, getting access to better compensation data as well as transparent and legal compliance (Armstrong and Taylor 2014). On the other hand, combining competency profiles can be time consuming and expensive at the same time. Reference List Armstrong, M. and Taylor, S., 2014.Armstrong's handbook of human resource management practice. Kogan Page Publishers. Baum, T. (Ed.). (2016).Human resource issues in international tourism. Elsevier. Beardwell, J. and Thompson, A., 2014.Human resource management: a contemporary approach. Pearson Education. Brewster, C., Houldsworth, E., Sparrow, P. and Vernon, G., 2016.International human resource management. Kogan Page Publishers. Brewster, C., Mayrhofer, W. and Morley, M. eds., 2016.New challenges for European resource management. Springer. Kramar, R., 2014. Beyond strategic human resource management: is sustainable human resource management the next approach?.The International Journal of Human Resource Management,25(8), pp.1069-1089. Marchington, M., Wilkinson, A., Donnelly, R. and Kynighou, A., 2016.Human resource management at work. Kogan Page Publishers. Paill, P., Chen, Y., Boiral, O. and Jin, J., 2014. The impact of human resource management on environmental performance: An employee-level study.Journal of Business Ethics,121(3), pp.451-466. Reiche, B.S., Mendenhall, M.E. and Stahl, G.K. eds., 2016.Readings and cases in international human resource management. Taylor Francis. Riley, M., 2014.Human resource management in the hospitality and tourism industry. Routledge. Sheehan, M., 2014. Human resource management and performance: Evidence from small and medium-sized firms.International Small Business Journal,32(5), pp.545-570. Sparrow, P., Brewster, C. and Chung, C., 2016.Globalizing human resource management. Routledge. Tenhil, A., Giluk, T.L., Kepes, S., Simn, C., Oh, I.S. and Kim, S., 2016. The Research?Practice gap in human resource management: A Cross?Cultural study.Human Resource Management,55(2), pp.179-200. Tung, R.L., 2016. New perspectives on human resource management in a global context.Journal of World Business,51(1), pp.142-152. Tyson, S. (2014).Essentials of human resource management. Routledge. Wilton, N., 2016.An introduction to human resource management. Sage.