UNIT 6 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

UNIT 6 - Essay Example Peterson had a right of being informed of the plans to transfer his employment contract and the ownership of the station in advance. Peterson had a right to resign if he did not intend to extend his contract to Evening news but he will not have any right to claim for redundancy or unfair dismissal pay. If the working conditions in the new employer are worse, Peterson has a right to resign and claim for unfair dismissal pay. Peterson has a right to disagree with the transfer of his employment contract to a new employer. This is when the new employer wants to change the term of the contract, which had been agreed by Peterson and the previous employer. If the employers want to change the terms of contract for the benefit of Peterson, it will be allowed. If the new employer wants to dismiss or make any redundancy for technical or an economic reason, Peterson has a right to redundancy payment. The employer should not select Peterson for redundancy because he transferred from another compa ny. (Beatty & Samuelson, 2007) Peterson has a right to enforce the contract between Post-Network and evening News because he was not considered in the transfer of the Station to Evening News yet he had signed a binding agreement with Post-Network as an employer for three years. It is not ethical for Evening News to prevent Peterson from changing job to work for the competing station because Peterson had informed them early of his plan to resign. In addition, Peterson had not entered into any contract with Evening News, as the contract was not changed during the transfer of the station. The previous employer of the transfer did not inform Peterson. Post-Network had a right to transfer the station but should have informed Peterson through a letter in advance that the station is transferred such that Peterson can decide whether to work for the new employer or not. Collateral contract is whereby parties to a contract enter in to more than two

The Main Purpose of Accounting Essay Example for Free

The Main Purpose of Accounting Essay Keeping track of transactions and recording revenue and expenses are an important process, often assigned to an accounting department or a financial manager. Accounting allows companies to provide reports and insights needed to make sound financial decisions. The main purpose of accounting is to identify and record all activities of the income and the outcome that will affect the organisation financially. All activities, including purchases, sales, the capital and interest earned from investments are recorded in ledgers or journals. Entrepreneurs have to understand and complete a variety of business functions. An important business function when starting a business is accounting. Although many entrepreneurs may have to deal with stacks of financial documents but accounting often provides entrepreneurs with the clearest picture of their businesses success. Entrepreneurs must also keep records regarding the business start-up for tax and legal purposes. Filing records like these with great organisation will help run the business more efficiently and responsibly. Why is it important to keep accurate financial records, and how will this help the entrepreneur? Financial records will become very important when the tax season comes but they are also important in the day to day business. Preparing financial statements such as income statements, balance sheets, and cash flow statements are important because they show how successful the business is, an income statement list revenues and expenses for the business. Accounting how much income is coming in from all channels, it can include accounts receivable, sales, etc. These items are the business revenues. Expenses should be clear because they are everything that is paid out of the business including the operating expenses, the difference between these will be the net income. To help the entrepreneur in the business, financial records should always be up to date so that it can display an accurate snapshot of the business at any time, this way the entrepreneur won’t have to back track, always keeping the business accounting affairs in order. What is meant by revenue and expenditure?  Revenue is for the business. This is the total amount of money received by the business for goods sold or services provided during a certain time period. In terms of reporting revenue in a businesses financial statement, different businesses may consider revenue to be received in different ways. For example, revenue could be received when a deal is signed, when the money is received or when the services are provided. Expenditure is spending money in order to create future benefits, which means that the money is being spent on a fixed asset, or on making sure that an existing asset has its useful life extended beyond the life of the current tax year. This could be equipment, property or industrial buildings. The difference between capital and revenue expenditure is that capital expenditure results in an addition to an asset to the business, however revenue expenditure results in an addition to the expense account. Capital expenditures are payments for asset additions and replacements. Revenue expenditures benefit a current period and are made for maintaining assets with routine repairs or replacement of a small part. A capital expenditure will benefit two or more accounting periods and expenses for future accounting periods. Revenue expenditure will cause an understatement of net income in that year. When expensing an item, it goes into the expense side of the income records where as capitalising an item will be processed on the total balance sheet. Revenue income and Capital income Capital income is money coming in from the owner of the business or outside investors for the business. It is used to buy things that will stay in the business for a long time, for example the business building, vehicles or equipment which is initially referred to assets. Revenue income is money coming in from selling goods and providing a day to day service. The main sources are; sales, rent received or commission received. The types of Capital income to expect to incur are such things as: Loans- The amount of money lent to the business from the bank. The lump sum the bank offer to give you has to be paid back in lump sums, at certain amounts, per month over the time period given. The bank will add a monthly interest onto the loan which is usually a percent of the amount borrowed. These monthly  payments need to be paid back, even if the business does not succeed. Mortgages- Mortgages are similar to loans, but tend to give out longer time periods to pay the lump sum back. To secure the mortgages you will need to put assets on line. This is usually the property you used the mortgage to pay for. The types of Revenue income to expect to incur are such things as: Sales- Or sales revenue is money coming into the business from the sales of or services. The sales can be paid for cash, which is the more comment payment, be paid by debit card or credit of the store, being paid for later on. Rent received- A business that owns property and chargers others to use all of or part of the property. The business will receive rent from this inhibitor. Commission received- A business that may sell products or services as a part of another business. For each sale they will make a percentage of what the customer pays for that sale. This percent is called commissions.

catcher in the rye :: essays research papers

The Catcher in the Rye is the definitive novel of a young man’s growing pains, of growing up in pain. Growing up is a ritual – more deadly than religion, more complicated than baseball, for there seem to be no rules. Everything is experienced for the first time.† To What extent do you agree with this passage? Do you agree that Catcher in the Rye is the definitive novel of a young man’s growing pains, of growing up in pain? Do you agree that growing up is a ritual? You need to identify whether or not you agree with this passage, and then you need to justify/support your answer. I do agree with the statement classing Catcher in the Rye as â€Å"the definitive novel of a young man’s growing pains.† I do not agree with the statement â€Å"growing up is a ritual.† Certainly J.D. Salinger’s novel is focused around the pain of growing up; a novel about a young character’s growth into maturity, but this novel explores the process from a different perspective. Holden Caulfield is an unusual protagonist for supporting this theme because his central goal is to resist the process of maturity itself. According to Webster’s New World Dictionary, Holden’s last name Caulfield literally symbolizes caul, the membrane enveloping the head of a child at birth.† Holden fears change and is overwhelmed by complexity. Holden desires everything to be easily understandable and eternally fixed. During a visit to the museum of natural history Holden uses exhibits to explain his resistance to change, â€Å"The best thing, though, in that museum was that everything always stayed right where it was. Nobody’d move. You could go there a hundred thousand times, and that Eskimo would still be just finished catching those two fish. Nobody’d be different. The only thing that would be different would be you (Salinger, 121).† Holden resists maturity and is a frightened teenager, he is frightened because he is guilty of the sins he criticizes in others and because he cannot understand the world around him. Holden however, refuses to acknowledge this fear, expressing it only on a few occasions – for example, when he talks about sex admitting that â€Å"sex is something I just don’t understand. I swear to God I don’t (Salinger, 63).† Rather than acknowledging that adulthood scares and mystifies him, Holden invents a fantasy that adulthood is a world of superficiality and hypocrisy, while childhood is a world of innocence, curiosity and honesty. catcher in the rye :: essays research papers The Catcher in the Rye is the definitive novel of a young man’s growing pains, of growing up in pain. Growing up is a ritual – more deadly than religion, more complicated than baseball, for there seem to be no rules. Everything is experienced for the first time.† To What extent do you agree with this passage? Do you agree that Catcher in the Rye is the definitive novel of a young man’s growing pains, of growing up in pain? Do you agree that growing up is a ritual? You need to identify whether or not you agree with this passage, and then you need to justify/support your answer. I do agree with the statement classing Catcher in the Rye as â€Å"the definitive novel of a young man’s growing pains.† I do not agree with the statement â€Å"growing up is a ritual.† Certainly J.D. Salinger’s novel is focused around the pain of growing up; a novel about a young character’s growth into maturity, but this novel explores the process from a different perspective. Holden Caulfield is an unusual protagonist for supporting this theme because his central goal is to resist the process of maturity itself. According to Webster’s New World Dictionary, Holden’s last name Caulfield literally symbolizes caul, the membrane enveloping the head of a child at birth.† Holden fears change and is overwhelmed by complexity. Holden desires everything to be easily understandable and eternally fixed. During a visit to the museum of natural history Holden uses exhibits to explain his resistance to change, â€Å"The best thing, though, in that museum was that everything always stayed right where it was. Nobody’d move. You could go there a hundred thousand times, and that Eskimo would still be just finished catching those two fish. Nobody’d be different. The only thing that would be different would be you (Salinger, 121).† Holden resists maturity and is a frightened teenager, he is frightened because he is guilty of the sins he criticizes in others and because he cannot understand the world around him. Holden however, refuses to acknowledge this fear, expressing it only on a few occasions – for example, when he talks about sex admitting that â€Å"sex is something I just don’t understand. I swear to God I don’t (Salinger, 63).† Rather than acknowledging that adulthood scares and mystifies him, Holden invents a fantasy that adulthood is a world of superficiality and hypocrisy, while childhood is a world of innocence, curiosity and honesty.

Chris Van Allsburg Essay -- essays papers

Chris Van Allsburg Chris Van Allsburg has been named one of the most intriguing authors and illustrators of children’s books. He has a unique style that captivates children and adults alike. Often, a person’s background and experiences influence their work. Imagination has many roots into the childhood of an individual. Chris Van Allsburg grew up in a quiet suburban setting in Grand Rapids, Michigan. During the 1950’s, when he was a child, the town was a place that seemed like a haven for any young boy. There were open fields that provided places for the children to enjoy a baseball game in the spring. The houses were not separated by fences, but rather blended together by the yards. The setting in which he grew up provided activities and locations that fostered imagination. He used to go down to the edge of a river and tried to catch tadpoles. Walking around in the wilderness that surrounded his town could be very relaxing and allow for the mind to conjure up many ideas. The child’s mind has a great ability to make up stories, but when you are constantly â€Å"practicing† at make-believe, you tend to become better and better at it. You also come to develop your own unique style. As a young boy Chris Van Allsburg enjoyed drawing. He loved to sit down and put his imaginative ideas to paper for his own viewing pleasure. In school and with his family he was not encouraged to spend so much time drawing and painting. Since he was a boy, he was encouraged to participate in sports more often. Chris Van Allsburg abandoned his passion for drawing and went along with the pressures of his family and friends. He would not discover his passion for a few more years. When Chris Van Allsburg entered college he took a freshman cours... ...books. His writing style, accompanied with the talented illustrations, makes for a great book. These are the types of books that a child would want to read over and over again. They are also appealing to adults, which would allow for a parent to spend some quality time reading with their children. I believe that Chris Van Allsburg was born with his incredible imagination. Through his drawings and through the courses he took in college he found his true passion. If weren’t for that chance meeting with his wife’s friend he might have never had the chance or the desire to write storybooks for children. Chris Van Allsburg Storybooks The Garden of Abdul Gasazi, 1979 Just a Dream, 1990 Ben’s Dream, 1982 The Polar Express, 1985 Two Bad Ants, 1988 The Wreck of the Zephyr, 1983 Jumanji, 1981 The Mysteries of Harris Bur*censored*, 1984 The Widow’s Broom, 1992

Problem fogel graded

For maxima rule Remote should use option A b. For maximum rule Remote should use option 8 c. For maxima regret Remote should use option A d. For equal probability criterion rule Remote should use option A Chapter 16: Government Regulation of Business 2. When there is a shortage in the industry or firm, it will definitely result in an under allocation of resources. Under allocation can happen without any shortage. For example, if the market is in a monopolistic stage, there is no shortage. The buyers can buy everything they want at a set price.There are various situations where the market can fail due to under allocation of resources that are not caused by shortages. For instance, if the task of minting a building was scheduled to finish at a certain date and there was not enough paint and painters, the manager did not allocate and did not calculate the correct amount of paint needed and did not have enough painters. Thus, a shortage is not a necessary condition for under allocation o f resources. 4. Price gouging seems to occur after natural disasters such as hurricane Strain, Rata, and Sandy.After a disaster, the community is trying to recover from the homes that they have lost and they are trying to get back on their feet. However, many individuals and companies are charging market prices or goods such as gasoline, bottled water and other necessary items at a higher price than the market. According to the FTC price gouging laws are not required, they are counterproductive. For instance, in 2005, after the hurricane Strain and Rata, it caused a shortage in gasoline and it could have possibly triggered an energy emergency (National Center, 2007).If anti- gouging laws are enforced by legislation to lower gas prices than what the market dictates during a supply shortage, FTC said that wholesalers and retailers will run out of gasoline and consumers will be worse off (Stresses, Furthermore, anti-gouging laws end up punishing companies who 2001). Have excess and res erves in advance during a crisis. For instance in the Strain hurricane, one of the lessons learned was to reward companies who have excess of oil and gas at the time when it is greatly needed.

Raul Castro Biography and Profile

Raul Castro Biography and Profile Raà ºl Castro (1931-) is the current President of Cuba and brother of Cuban Revolution leader Fidel Castro. Unlike his brother, Raà ºl is quiet and reserved and spent most of his life in his older brother’s shadow. Nevertheless, Raà ºl played a very important role in the Cuban Revolution as well as in the government of Cuba after the revolution was over. Early Years Raà ºl Modesto Castro Ruz was one of the  several illegitimate children born to sugar farmer Angel Castro and his maid, Lina Ruz Gonzlez. Young Raà ºl attended the same schools as his older brother but was neither as studious nor gregarious as Fidel. He was just as rebellious, however, and had a history of discipline problems. When Fidel became active in student groups as a leader, Raà ºl quietly joined a student communist group. He would always be as ardent a communist as his brother, if not more so. Raà ºl eventually became a leader himself of these student groups, organizing protests and demonstrations. Personal Life Raà ºl married his girlfriend and fellow revolutionary Vilma Espà ­n not long after the triumph of the revolution. They have four children. She passed away in 2007. Raà ºl leads an austere personal life, although there have been rumors that he may be an alcoholic. He is thought to despise homosexuals and reputedly influenced Fidel to jail them in the early years of their administration. Raà ºl has been consistently dogged by rumors that Angel Castro was not his real father. The most likely candidate, former rural guardsman Felipe Miraval, never denied nor confirmed the possibility. Moncada Like many socialists, Raà ºl was disgusted by the dictatorship of Fulgencio Batista. When Fidel began planning a revolution, Raà ºl was included from the start. The first armed action of the rebels was the July 26, 1953, attack on the federal barracks at Moncada outside of Santiago. Raà ºl, barely 22 years old, was assigned to the team sent to occupy the Palace of Justice. His car got lost on the way there, so they arrived late, but did secure the building. When the operation fell apart, Raà ºl and his companions dropped their weapons, put on civilian clothes, and walked out onto the street. He was eventually arrested. Prison and Exile Raà ºl was convicted of his role in the uprising and sentenced to 13 years in prison. Like his brother and some of the other leaders of the Moncada assault, he was sent to the Isle of Pines prison. There, they formed the 26th of July Movement (named for the date of the Moncada assault) and began plotting how to continue the revolution. In 1955 President Batista, responding to international pressure to release political prisoners, freed the men who had planned and carried out the Moncada assault. Fidel and Raà ºl, fearing for their lives, quickly went into exile in Mexico. Return to Cuba During their time in exile, Raà ºl befriended Ernesto â€Å"Chà ©Ã¢â‚¬  Guevara, an Argentine doctor who was also a committed communist. Raà ºl introduced his new friend to his brother, and the two hit it right off. Raà ºl, by now a veteran of armed actions as well as prison, took an active role in the 26th of July Movement. Raà ºl, Fidel, Chà ©, and new recruit Camilo Cienfuegos were among the 82 people who crowded on board the 12-person yacht Granma in November 1956 along with food and weapons to return to Cuba and start the revolution. In the Sierra Miraculously, the battered Granma carried all 82 passengers the 1,500 miles to Cuba. The rebels were quickly discovered and attacked by the army, however, and less than 20 made it into the Sierra Maestra Mountains. The Castro brothers soon began waging a guerrilla war against Batista, collecting recruits and weapons when they could. In 1958 Raà ºl was promoted to Comandante and given a force of 65 men and sent to the north coast of Oriente Province. While there, he imprisoned about 50 Americans, hoping to use them to keep the United States from intervening on behalf of Batista. The hostages were quickly released. Triumph of the Revolution In the waning days of 1958, Fidel made his move, sending Cienfuegos and Guevara in command of most of the rebel army, against army installations and important cities. When Guevara decisively won the Battle of Santa Clara, Batista realized he could not win and fled the country on January 1, 1959. The rebels, including Raà ºl, rode triumphantly into Havana. Mopping Up After Batista In the immediate aftermath of the revolution, Raà ºl and Chà © were given the task of rooting out supporters of former dictator Batista. Raà ºl, who had already begun setting up an intelligence service, was the perfect man for the job: he was ruthless and totally loyal to his brother. Raà ºl and Chà © oversaw hundreds of trials, many of which resulted in executions. Most of those executed had served as policemen or army officers under Batista. Role in Government and Legacy As Fidel Castro transformed the revolution into government, he came to rely on Raà ºl more and more. In the 50 years after the revolution, Raà ºl served as head of the Communist Party, minister of defense, vice president of the Council of State, and many more important positions. He has generally been most identified with the military: he has been Cuba’s top-ranking military officer since soon after the Revolution. He advised his brother during times of crisis such as the Bay of Pigs Invasion and the Cuban Missile Crisis. As Fidel’s health faded, Raà ºl came to be considered as the logical (and perhaps the only possible) successor. An ailing Castro turned over the reins of power to Raà ºl in July 2006, and in January 2008 Raà ºl was elected president in his own right, Fidel having withdrawn his name from consideration. Many see Raà ºl as being more pragmatic than Fidel, and there was some hope that Raà ºl would loosen the restrictions placed on Cuban citizens. He has done so, although not to the extent that some expected. Cubans can now own cell phones and consumer electronics. Economic reforms were implemented in 2011 to encourage more private initiative, foreign investment, and agrarian reforms. He limited terms for president, and he will step down after his second term as president ends in 2018. Normalization of relations with the United States began in earnest under  Raà ºl, and full diplomatic relations were resumed in 2015. President Obama visited Cuba and met with  Raà ºl in 2016. It will be interesting to see who succeeds Raà ºl as President of Cuba, as the torch gets handed to the next generation. Sources Castaà ±eda, Jorge C. Compaà ±ero: The Life and Death of Che Guevara. New York: Vintage Books, 1997. Coltman, Leycester. The Real Fidel Castro. New Haven and London: Yale University Press, 2003.

Using the Spanish Verb Tratar

Using the Spanish Verb 'Tratar' It may not seem logical that the same Spanish verb might mean to try and to treat, but such is the case with tratar. Tratar is a fairly common verb that also has other meanings that dont seem particularly related. In general, though, the word has to do with dealing with a person, activity, or thing. Often, the meaning of tratar depends on the preposition that follows, although even that isnt always a sure guide. Perhaps more so than with most verbs, you need to rely on the context of the sentence to determine the meaning. Common Meanings of Tratar by Itself One of the most typical uses of tratar is to refer to treating someone or something in a specified way: Nos trataban como a animales y en ocasiones peor. (They treated us like animals and sometimes worse.)Siempre he estado en paz debido a la forma en que mi madre me tratà ³. (I have always been at peace because of the way my mother treated me.) ¡No me trates como a un nià ±o! (Dont treat me as a child!) More specifically, tratar is often used to refer to medical treatment. La enfermedad de Lyme se trata con antibià ³ticos. (Lymes disease is treated with antibiotics.)Los mà ©dicos van a tratar de detener la hemorragia con medicamentos. (The doctors are going use a treatment of stopping the hemorrhage with medications.)Trataron el dolor con morfina por casi una semana. (They treated the pain with morphine for almost a week.)El hospicio trata al paciente como a una persona en su totalidad. (A hospice treats the patient as a person in his or her totality.) Using Tratar With De When tratar is followed by the preposition de and an infinitive, it meant to try or attempt: Aquà ­ no tratamos de ganar mentes y corazones, porque es irrelevante. (Here we are not trying to win hearts and minds, because it is irrelevant.)Trate de nadar por lo menos una hora y quince minutos. (Try to swim at least an hour and 15 minutes.)Los participantes del estudio que fotografiaron sus alimentos perdieron ms peso que aquellos que simplemente trataron de comer ms sanamente. (The study participants who photographed their food lost more weight than those who simply tried to eat more healthily.)Tratarà © de esturiar todos los dà ­as que pueda excepto los lunes. (I will try to study every day I can except for Mondays.)Trata de ponerte en mis zapatos. (Try to put yourself in my shoes.) When the reflexive form tratarse is followed by de, it indicates the subject of something or what its about. Fahrenheit 451 trata de una sociedad totalitaria donde los libros estn prohibidos. (Fahrenheit 451 is about a totalitarian society where books are banned.)Se trata del coche de mi padre, doy una opinià ³n de primera mano. (On the subject of my fathers car, I am giving a firsthand opinion.) ¿De quà © trata? Whats it about?La vida se trata de contentamiento y gratitud. (Life is about contentment and gratitude.) Using Tratar With Con When either tratar or tratarse is followed by con, the preposition usually meaning with, it can refer to a relationship between two or more parties. Note that in some contexts, tratar con can instead me to treat with. Este cambio afectar la manera en que usted trata con su compaà ±Ãƒ ­a de telà ©fonos. (This change will affect the way you do business with your phone company.)Con respecto al amor, no me trato con gente mayor que yo. (When it comes to romance, I dont have relationships with people older than I am.)Sin embargo, muchas veces se tratà ³ con à ©l. (Nevertheless, I often had dealings with him.)Los compaà ±eros tratan con mucho respeto. (The companions treat each other with great respect.) Key Takeaways Tratar often means to treat, as in treating someone or something a certain way, or in providing medical treatment.Tratar de when followed an infinitive usually means to try or attempt.Tratarse de is used to indicate what something is about.

War In the Deep Pacific Subm essays

War In the Deep Pacific Subm essays 1. What is the authors thesis? The authors thesis is that World War II was the most extensive undersea war ever fought. No other war in history can equal up to this aquatic war. Hoyt wrote about many aquatic battles during the war starting with the Japanese invasion at Pearl Harbor to the submarine battle just three days before the end of the war. He explains the hardships, troubles, and defeats that the submariners had throughout the book. In the beginning of the war, many submarines had no clue if their torpedoes they shot actually blew up. Some torpedoes prematurely exploded and some didnt even blow up when it hit its enemy. Not to mention, most of the torpedoes didnt even strike the enemies. The U.S. thought they sunk many Japanese subs, but when they looked at the Japanese records, they came to find out that not one Japanese person on that sub was even injured. Hoyt writes about how the aquatic attacks improve with technology during the war. 2. What problem does the author analyze? Hoyt analyzes about how the U.S. is first brutally attacked by the Japanese and then they dominate the Pacific Ocean. On the day of the unexpected attack of Pearl Harbor, the Japanese used their submarines as an escape root back to Japan. Pilots, who abandoned their planes, swam into their submarines and the U.S. couldnt do much about it. The U.S. tried to shoot torpedoes at the enemy, but wasnt able to connect on one, so the Japanese were able to get back to Japan harmlessly. At the end of the war, the amateurs changed ways. The Japanese were the ones that needed the help. The U.S. had all this useful technology and the Japanese were so desperate that they were just doing round after round of kamikazes. That proved that the U.S. dominated the Pacific Ocean at the end of the war. 3. What have you learned about World History, human behavior, or culture from reading this book? ...

TLMT313 WEEK 4 FORUM Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

TLMT313 WEEK 4 FORUM - Assignment Example The intervention measure for removing oil spills was difficult for the government, as the treatment procedure i.e. ‘in-situ burning’ has negative impact on environment. Finally, skimmers are engaged into the task to remove the oil through the use of sorbents in order to trace the left spills. With regard to adverse effect of it in the ecosystem, it was noticed that the pelicans becomes black due to it, fish belly-up with brown sludge and the turtles were noticed to wash up on beaches. However, this spill does not have a major impact over the global oil pricing, as Mexico was not the key producer of oil. However, with an immediate impact of such an unexpected event, the government of the US was highly concerned regarding public health and significantly, adopted different preventive measures for mitigating such incident and loss in future. In this regard, ‘The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention’ offered safety measures and advices to the Gulf Coast res idents including the workers involved in the relief program to take precautionary measure and physical examination of toxicity tests on dispersants (The Ocean Portal Team,

Answer one of three Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Answer one of three - Assignment Example The purpose of the present essay is to show how such estrangement, or ‘Othering’, played out in the course of several centuries of history of political, economic and cultural ties between the Christian West and Islamic Orient. For the purposes of present discussion, the terms â€Å"West† and â€Å"Islam† will be used in generalized sense, with the former corresponding to the cultures and nations dominated or influenced by Western (Catholic and later Protestant) Christianity, while the latter encompassing the totality of political and cultural space for which the religion of Islam was the most fundamental unifying factor. The issues of relationship between the cultures influenced by Orthodox (Eastern) Christianity and Islamic civilizations are to be analyzed in this essay to the extent of their impact on the perception of Islam in the West and the attitude of Islamic cultures towards the Christians in general, respectively. The chronological boundaries of the research encompass the historic period ranging from 7 century CE to our times, with special attention being paid to the vicissitudes of change in the models and criteria of ‘Othering’ being employed by both parties. The rise of Islam as a religion of the new mighty world empire, which managed to destroy centuries-old powers of the Middle East, i.e. the East Roman Empire (Byzantium) and the Sassanian kingdom of Persia, from the very outset led to the increasing feelings of insecurity and dismay on the part of Christian scholars and theologians. Having been previously accustomed to the feeling of utter superiority and ultimate triumph of the Christian faith, they were immensely surprised by the fact that an initially ‘insignificant’ religious group from the Arabian Peninsula managed to assert itself as a viable proselytizing alternative to their own creed. At the same time, the direct connection between Islamic

Conduct an external environment analysis for a company of your choice Essay

Conduct an external environment analysis for a company of your choice assessing the impact of the external environment on Human - Essay Example The main objective of external analysis is to identify the opportunities and threats in the environment. Identifying and exploiting the opportunities and minimizing the threats, which are hindering performance can help the organization achieve its strategic competitiveness (Hitt, et al, 2009). This external environment has its impact on business strategy and hence on the human resource strategy as well. This paper aims at conducting the external environment analysis of Toyota and studies its impact on the human resource policies and practices of the organization. This paper will make use of different matrices, methods and tools to conduct the industry analysis. Automobile manufacturing is a very significant industry which contributes to 10% of the world GDP. Globalization has resulted in increased pressure on the firms to achieve global competitive advantage. Automotive industry has recently witnessed large scale consolidation of organization resulting in mergers and acquisitions to capitalize the strengths of each market and organization. Most of the organizations in the automobile industry are doing business offshore. The automobile industry global competition is characterized by big three American and Japanese giants with the shift moving towards Japanese automakers which includes Toyota. Toyota is increasing its market share and becoming more dominant and less threatened by its competitors. An external audit of Toyota will reveal its opportunities and threats and its impact on the business and HR strategy. External Environment Analysis The external environment or the macro environment has a strong impact on the all activities and strategies of the organization. These factors include political, social, economic, legal, technological and eco-environmental factors. Two models are used to analyze the force and impact of these factors. These two models are called â€Å"PESTEL Analysis† and â€Å"Porters five forces†. An industry’s attractive ness is evaluated through Porter’s five forces model. According to the model the forces that affect an industry are the threat of entrants, threat of substitutes, bargaining power of buyers, bargaining power of suppliers and the level of rivalry among the existing competitors (Porter, 2008). The evaluation determines the attractiveness or unattractiveness of the industry and also helps in formulating strategies for obtaining competitive advantage. The attractiveness of an industry in turn determines the overall profitability of the industry measured through overall return on investment. It requires utilizing the existing industry environment to gain competitive advantage. Out of the five forces the strongest competitive force indicates the profitability of the industry and forms the most crucial part of strategy formulation. If the affect of forces is intense then the industry is said to be unattractive that is companies in the industry will not earn attractive return on thei r investments while if the forces are not intense then the industry is attractive and the companies in the

Describe what means leadership to you Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Describe what means leadership to you - Essay Example However, leadership is also teachable in life through various leadership expositions. These expositions perfect and instill leadership skills to interested parties. In addition, the young can also learn from their leaders how to lead. In most cases, we have seen children take after their fathers who were leaders in the society. Since leadership demands a lot of respect and many benefits, many people seek to become leaders. This leads to the aspect of competition in leadership where the society chooses its preferred leader among the willing many. Leaders have immense powers and authority rests with them. As such, they make important and binding decisions on behalf of the society. Leadership is present in almost all places. We have religious leaders, political leaders, Sports leaders, student leaders, administrators who are organizational leaders among other leaders. However, the political leaders who include Presidents and religious leaders who include Popes and Bishops are the most popular leaders. Any position of leadership follows a certain code of ethics that is different from one leadership setup to another. Leaders should therefore follow this code in offering leadership. However, in many cases we have seen leaders negating the code of ethics hence attracting disciplinary action from higher authorities like courts of law. Good leadership involves abiding by the law, intelligence, and humane

OUTSOURCING AND OFFSHORING Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

OUTSOURCING AND OFFSHORING - Essay Example In other cases an organization may source or offshore when a process can be completed in a better and cheaper manner when using external providers. Customers just like the sourcing and off shoring companies have a part to benefit. Customers benefit from better products and services that follow increased competition, a factor that also comes with reduction in prices. Out Sourcing and off shoring companies also present several disadvantages for the companies involved. The major disadvantages are Loss of supervisory control of the process, loss of flexibility in responding to the transformations in business situation and the loss of internal and external client focus. These practices also pose the risk of possible loss of confidentiality by the concerned organizations. Out Sourcing and off shoring in many cases is met with lots of resistance from the natives, influenced by their inherent

Describe what means leadership to you Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Describe what means leadership to you - Essay Example However, leadership is also teachable in life through various leadership expositions. These expositions perfect and instill leadership skills to interested parties. In addition, the young can also learn from their leaders how to lead. In most cases, we have seen children take after their fathers who were leaders in the society. Since leadership demands a lot of respect and many benefits, many people seek to become leaders. This leads to the aspect of competition in leadership where the society chooses its preferred leader among the willing many. Leaders have immense powers and authority rests with them. As such, they make important and binding decisions on behalf of the society. Leadership is present in almost all places. We have religious leaders, political leaders, Sports leaders, student leaders, administrators who are organizational leaders among other leaders. However, the political leaders who include Presidents and religious leaders who include Popes and Bishops are the most popular leaders. Any position of leadership follows a certain code of ethics that is different from one leadership setup to another. Leaders should therefore follow this code in offering leadership. However, in many cases we have seen leaders negating the code of ethics hence attracting disciplinary action from higher authorities like courts of law. Good leadership involves abiding by the law, intelligence, and humane

Research Methods Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words - 1

Research Methods - Essay Example Sampling The level of analysis adopted in this study is the company or organizational level. Level of analysis, as defined by Louche and Baeten (2006), refers to the level which this analysis will apply. In this study, the company level of analysis of the impact assessment focuses on the organization, their processes, challenges, decision-making methods, outputs and outcomes (Wood, Logsdon, Lewellyn & Davenport, 2006). The population identified for this study consists of the employees comprising the global virtual teams of a multinational corporation. Random sampling will be used to ensure the representativeness of the sample. Random sampling is a type of probability sampling where each item or member of the population of interest has an equal chance of being included in the sample. This type of sample guarantees that the respondents are selected without bias and at the same time permits the determination of a specified statistical level of confidence in the statement of inferences ( Kazmier, 2004). A Web-based random sample size calculator was used to compute for the minimum required sample, based on the following parameters: (1) margin of error, 5%; (2) confidence level, 95%; (3) population size, 60,000; and (4) response distribution, 50% (Raosoft, 2004). Based on the output generated by calculation, the minimum required sample size was 382. A screenshot of this output is exhibited as Appendix 2. However, in anticipation of contingency which may arise during data gathering, such as invalid or incompletely answered questionnaires, failure to retrieve floated questionnaires, or withdrawal of the respondent’s participation at any point in the study for whatever reason, the minimum sample size required was augmented by 10% and rounded off to the nearest tens. Hence, the sample size in this study is 420. Random sampling will be carried out by obtaining pertinent information such as names of the employees and corresponding e-mail addresses. Permission has alr eady been requested from the HR department after purpose of the study and request for information accessed have been discussed. Approval has also been given on condition of anonymity and confidentiality of the information disclosed. The names of the employees have been inputted in Microsoft Excel (2003). Each name in one column was automatically assigned a random number and sorted from lowest to highest. The first 420 random numbers representing employee names were selected as respondents. Measures Five constructs are being measured in the current study. Three of these constructs are organizational variables included in the first research problem: communication, culture and diversity. Communication is measured in terms of level of adequacy of communication within and among the virtual teams using Part 2 of the research instrument. Respondents assess the adequacy of communication within and among the virtual teams using a five-point Likert Scale. The responses are interpreted accordi ng to the mean of the

Critique & Vanities Essay Example for Free

Critique Vanities Essay Written by an American, Jack Heifner â€Å"Vanities† is a story relating to three young girls from a little town called Texas. The lives of these three girls take a sharp turn in puzzling ways after a deeply intense period at school where they would spend good time flinging themselves into the air and making noises. The girls enjoyed their happy times and shared together but after going away from one another, they forgot everything and separately started their own means of survival. According to the playwright it seems that cheerleaders who are worshipped and envied in high school do not grow up and live charmed lives in their later years. The playwright begins by mentioning his three characters namely Lauren Kennedy, Sarah Stiles and Anneliese van der Pol who acted as cheerleaders sometimes back when they were in high school and college. All the three beautiful girls shown in this pleasant but forgettable play must weather the storm and trouble after putting away their pullovers and saddle shoes. The play begins in a conventional and inconsequential manner; however, it comes in a series of oral plays that are arranged in a sequential order. In the beginning of the play, the three characters are revealed as having a happy life in high school, socializing with one another and even sharing their happy times together. Kathy, who is living in the apartment, plans and organizes a get-together party for the three and though the playwright does not mention the reason behind the holding of the get-together party; it is true that the party was meant to commemorate the happy times and sorrowful times that they had been sharing together. Joanne, to whom life seemed to be still an active convention, is now getting out of shape with time. She is a pretty girl and one who does not care much about the future. Kate Guyton also displays the same characters. Kate Guyton is later engaged in a marriage relationship with Ted who is revealed as the play’s most lively and puzzling characters but does not show herself. Mary as acted by Regan Thompson changes from a sex maniac young girl to a professional marketer of the same trade. She has an art gallery that deals with erotic art despite being married and one of her best customers is none other than the wandering Ted with whom she has an affair. The girls do not seem to learn anything in school. Mary wishes to be a nurse or a psychologist. Kathy does not want to be anything whereas Joanne goes on being a virgin. Ted is arguably the most active and strange character in this play, though he does not take an active role. When Anneliese van der Pol, who is a cheerleader tried to attract her friends attention to bow to the get-together party every thing does not go smoothly since the boys and other social issues keep getting in the way and as result, Anneliese van der Pol’s confidence on the success of the get-together party is rendered hopeless. However, she tries with all her effort to get back to her friends Joanne and Mary. Due to this situation, the playwright uses Kirshenbaum’s music to reflect the kind of dilemma she was undergoing. The young women appear to be in confused states of mind than there before and do not even show the character of leadership despite having been cheerleaders before. Joanne plans a wedding with her former high school sweetheart but at the same time, Mary also plans to travel to Europe in summer. Kathy still doubts the fact that her former friend and schoolmate have married a woman who is already. As a result of this she gets disappointed with men. Mary then comes in to console her friend from her disappointment. This clearly displays the obvious strained relationship of the three girls in this reunion party. The character of cheerleading learned at high school seems to have ended there. It did not go beyond the school gate. At the time the play goes to New York City, the three actresses had been completely changed in their characters from which they had when they were together. Mary who is a prostitute gets angry of her friend Joanne because of her decision to become a housewife and a mother. This problem disturbs Joanne but later reveals it when she gets drunk. The trio-actresses have strong and appealing voices. However, Ms Kennedy looks worried because she has to smoke every time. Or could she be experiencing a difficulty in relating with the others? Probably as they also do not get out of the arena during the short break and they sit at the table of vanity to have time to adjust their makeup. After watching the play I was amazed by the playwrights’ theme of misguided values as shown by the transformation of the characters of the three girls. They experienced overexcitement in high school, life of uncertainty in college and sadness in their final reunion. But is life that vain as the writer tries to show? I don’t think so but it might reflect these trends if the values that one calculates are against the norms or misplaced as the characters reveal. Works cited Heifner Jack â€Å"Vanities† 1963

Why People Commit Suicide Essay

Why People Commit Suicide Essay Suicide is a very complex subject triggered by various multifaceted factors. The failure to meet ones expectations which may have been instilled as early as childhood may bring about a wide variety of emotions leading to people committing suicide for various reasons. Depression, physical or sexual abuse, horrible disappointments, severe financial loss, mental or emotional disorders, all trigger feelings of emptiness and hopelessness and are just some of the few psychological factors which may influence an individuals final and distorted decision of committing suicide as a means to put an end to these insufferable emotions. The foregoing, however, is just a superficial analysis touching merely upon the surface of the deep-seated source of suicide. This paper will thus attempt to provide a more in depth analysis of why people commit suicide by looking primarily at the sociological factors and in particular in relation to Durkheims work. Durkheim defines suicide as a general state of extreme depression and exaggerated sadness, causing the patient no longer to realize sanely the bonds which connect him with the people and things about him -pleasures no longer attract [Durkheim, 1951:63]. Durkheim further stated that man cannot become attached to higher aims and submit to a rule if he sees nothing above him to which he belongs to free him from allsocial pressure is to abandon him to himself and demoralize him [Durkheim,1951:110]. In Durkheims Interdiction To Suicide: A Study in Sociology, Durkheim expresses his concern in developing the conduct of sociology. He sees the main problem to be that sociology is mostly constructed on philosophical overviews, and does not answer the exact social questions. He suggests a methodology that will give the science of sociology strong baselines and real results. In his book, Durkheim applies these propositions and shows how sociology should be conducted, and firmly draws conclusions that expose to us the way in which we should be able to approach the difficulties of society. This study has been presented in such a way that it is probable to assess the relevance and accuracy of its meanings and deductions. Durkheim gives the importance of sociology far more than being just a tool to fix the world, but it is a lens, through which we see reality as a shared reality, one included of individuals who are determined by their realities.In this introductory chapter he investigates the act of suicide and explores its social roots by examining suicide rates in different social classes and correlating that with the characteristics of the society.(Durkheim, 1970) A differentiation is made between two types of suicide, positive and negative. In Durkheims words suicide is thus described as all cases of death resulting directly or indirectly from a positive or negative act of the victim himself, which he knows will produce this result [Durkheim, 1986:64]. A positive performance would be to discharge or to suspend an act. In this case, death comes as a straight product of the action. A negative act would be the scenario of remaining in a burning house or to refuse eating to the point of hunger. Death in this case is the indirect result of an individuals act. Durkheim believed that the areas with the highest rates of mental illnesses and alcoholism are not necessarily the areas with the highest suicide rates. Esquirol wrote that suicide may be seen to be for us only a phenomenon resulting from many different causes and appearing under many different forms; and it is clear that this phenomenon is not characteristic of a disease. [Esquirol, 1838:528]. Durkheim believed that suicide is not an individual act nor a personal achievement. It is produced by some power which is over and above the individual. Durkheim studied suicide vis a vis the relationship between individuals and society affirmed that suicide is a social phenomenon as well as establishing that there are no societies in which suicide does not occur. He asserted that what most people regard as an individual act is, in reality, the result of the social world. The evidence supporting this view are numerous. In addition to the stark differentiation made between positive and negative acts of suicide, Durkheims research concluded that the institution of marriage protects against suicide making the observation that suicide rates are higher among people that have lost their spouse and those who are divorced. Furthermore, Durkheim observes that suicide rates are higher among couples who have no children than couples who do, concluding that a human being needs to be loved and have a purpose in life. People who do not experience love in their life are the ones more susceptible to suicide. (Durkheim, 1951). The institution of marriage may thus play a vital role in ones decision to commit suicide. Whether marriage should be viewed positively in relation to suicide is however debatable. While on the one hand marriage may play a role in protecting against suicide by providing love, purpose, and stability in ones life it may, on the other hand, be a volatile institution that once shattered may inste ad be an instigator of suicide. Durkheim interestingly further observed that suicide rates are higher during times of peace than times of war because during the war people need to be unified in defending their country (Durkheim, 1951). This observation may, therefore, suggest that feelings of patriotism, honour as well as purpose tends to distant an individual from suicide. Furthermore, suicide rates also tend to be higher during rapid economic changes than in economic crises as rapid economic changes are sudden and difficult to endure. (Durkheim, 1951). This observation made by Durkheim may suggest that people are required to work harder in such economic times constantly being pushed to their limits in order to keep up with such rapid changes bringing about feelings of despair, restlessness and being under appreciated. According to Durkheims research, religion may also have an affect on suicide rates. Durkheims collected data suggested that Protestants are more likely to commit suicide than Catholics, due to the fact that Protestants are more idiosyncratic while Catholics are more communitarian (Durkheim, 1951). In other words, Catholics tend to have more social support. According to Durkheim people connecting and validating each other within a community plays an important role in preventing suicide making this kind of social integration important. Without this type of connection, people may experience feelings of depression and isolation pushing them towards suicide. Durkheim, however, seemed to identify two sides of the coin in relation to social integration, pointing out that where social integration is high people are more likely to commit suicide in order to avoid becoming burdens to society. Two distinct features are therefore identified by Durkheim; namely, social regulation and social integ ration. Integration is described as the degree to which collective sentiments are shared and regulation refers to the degree of external constraint on people[Ritzer, 1992:90]. Based on these two social forces, four types of suicide have been proposed by Durkheim. Durkheim differentiated between four types of suicide, the first being egoistic suicide. Egoistic suicide is viewed as stemming from an absence of social integration and is committed by people who are outcast by society and are insufficiently integrated into social groups and societies, they depend more on themselves than on a group of objectives and instructions. They are not socially combined or not socially tied to a community or group. These types of individuals find themselves powerless in finding their own individual place in society and experience problems adjusting to other groups and are given little or no social care. Suicide is therefore perceived as a solution to free themselves of the loneliness or excessive isolation. Durkheim points out that this type of suicide is mostly prevalent amongst those who are unmarried, widowed, divorced, have no children as well as those without any strong attachments to religious, social or community groups.(Durkheim,1951) The second type of suicide identified by Durkheim is anomic suicide. Anomic suicide is viewed by Durkheim as disillusionment and disappointment occurring when a person goes through extreme changes in wealth and is ultimately caused by a lack of social regulation. This type of suicide is most notable at times when society is rapidly changing leading to uncertainty. It is a type of suicide that stems from sudden and unexpected changes which Durkheim found mostly occurs during rapid economic changes than in economic crises. Durkheim interestingly points out that suicide is more evident in crisis that brings out disturbances in ones life rather than being attributed to poverty[Durkheim,1951:245]. Altruistic suicide is the third type of suicide that has been identified and according to Durkheim, this type of suicide occurs when individuals or a group are too close and intimate and stems from being overly integrated into society. It is the other side of the spectrum in social integration when an individual is so well integrated into society that they choose to sacrifice their own life in order to fulfil some obligation. Altruistic suicide, being a complex concept, can further be broken down into three types: optional, acute and obligatory altruistic suicide. Optional altruistic suicide is brought about by societal pressures that may, in fact, be well-intentioned. This can be seen in Japan where there is a high level of suicide amongst students because of stress and high expectations from others and the constant pressure to excel at school exams. Often the accompanying stress and anxiety push them to commit suicide; suicide in the victims perspective becomes the answer to freedo m of oppression from what society expects individuals to be. Acute altruistic suicide occurs when an individual kills himself in order to save another life. For example when a fire-fighter saves a person from a burning fire but the fire-fighter dies as a result. This is an act of heroism and self-sacrifice. It could be argued that it may by flawed to categories this as a type of suicide because suicide is mainly associated with a troublesome and stressed life, when in fact such an act may be a form of the righteous act. Obligatory altruistic suicidal refers to a type of suicidal where respect and honour plays an important factor. For example in India, Hindu women should kill themselves during their husbands funeral as an act of honour expressing that life after the death of their spouse was not worth living. If women from these communities insisted on living the y would lose public respect; in some cases, the usual funeral honours are denied, in another a life of horror is supposed to await him beyond the grave (Durkheim,1951).Connect these two paragraphs. Durkheim points out that altruistic suicide is part of the collective spirit (Durkheim,1970). For example, when the spirit inquires you to do something you are obliged to do so and which we, therefore, see in environments where society places a substantial amount of pressure and expectations on individuals which may, in turn, push an individual towards suicide as a means of escape. The final type of suicide is fatalistic suicide. Durkheim discussed this type briefly because it was seen as a rare phenomenon in the real world. Fatalistic suicide occurs in social conditions where an individual experiences universal persecution resulting from excessive regulation whose passions [were] violently choked by oppressive discipline(Durkheim,1970). Slavery and persecution are examples of fatalistic suicide in which an individual may feel that they are destined by fate to be in such conditions and choose suicide as the only means to escape such conditions These four types of suicide are categorised by the degree of integration and regulation of individuals in their surrounding society. According to Durkheim people commit suicide because of either too high or too low integration or regulation, Suicide is a social fact and is due to social forces. Individuals are more likely to commit suicide each time the condition of society leaves from a state of stability. Society preserves stability by integration and regulation Durkheims work has been critiqued on many grounds, for example, his emphasis on consensus and morality , thanhis positivist method and negligence of the individual as an actor, his description of suicide rates. Durkheims concept of suicide is thought to be more reinforced by argument than by fact. However, he is contributed to the growth of sociology and over a difficult theoretical framework To conclude suicide is not an individual act it is a social act. People commit suicide because they are not supported by society or they do not feel loved by their own family. If a person has no support in his life and no one to care about thenthey can feel valueless and this will lead to depression which may lead to suicide. Suicide rates are correlated with how well a person is integrated into society and the degree to which society regulates individual behavior. In general, suicide has some connection with social rules or standards and the individual.

Terrorisms Effects on the World Essay -- Terrorism Violence Ethnicity

Terrorism's Effects on the World Ethnic conflicts arise everyday among people in society. Although problems between the populace have changed in the present generation, ethnic issues have been apparent since the beginning of time. Some of the modern cultural conflicts can range from terrorism to religious wars. Terrorism has been a predicament throughout the entire world ever since the day man was created. It seems to be the answer to many leaders’ issues with â€Å"foreign† people. Not only is terrorism harmful itself in many ways, it causes new problems that worsen every situation. For example, terrorism is presently forcing many countries around the world, including the United States, to change their life styles, political processes, and even their economic values as a reaction to the threats.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Although terrorism begins in one particular area, it seems to spread to other regions as well, even though not exactly to the same extent. For example, in the United States, there were consecutive bombings and suicide attacks during a short period of time. Considering that this causes paranoia, other countries began to create new laws and restrictions in order to protect its people, even though the attacks weren’t necessarily focused towards that specific region. As an immediate response to the terrorism, the United States government changed in many ways, from restricting the citizens’ rights, to ending certain public activities, up to restricting entrance into certain buildings. The government even began to limit the media. Similarly to the United States, on September 22nd, the Russian parliament was debating on which possible new restrictions and laws can be enforced in order to â€Å"guarantee† better national security. New laws in the United States, such as the right to declare a â€Å"state of war ,† make the country seem as if it has more power than neighboring areas, helping to comfort any fearful, or paranoid, citizens. Terrorism, as well as other ethnic conflicts, has even caused the people of Asia-Pacific countries to create new laws in reaction to the threats, simply because they became intimidated. An article in the Financial times stated that it is trying to boost their â€Å"political momentum† behind the battle of terrorism, promising to take practical steps to improve their co-operation . New laws were being considered, due to the fear and security levels o... ...ked and used as hideouts. For example, Russia, South America, and certain sections of the United States are simple targets because of the land and the population densities, unlike places such as the Sahara Desert. Of course, if a terrorist truly wanted to mass murder a group, they would simply set off a nuclear explosion. This would obviously create a complete new set of problems along with those that we have already discussed. Personally, I believe wars shouldn’t be encouraged, and honestly, I don’t suppose that it results in any positive feedback whatsoever. Although I don’t completely agree with how Russia, Indonesia, South America, and Darfur are dealing with their terrorist problem, I still consider it a good idea to think forward and make plans on how to overcome cultural problems. Terrorism has caused many countries around the world, to change their daily values and their economic priorities, as well as their whole political framework as a response to ethnic conflicts. Terrorism has been a common answer among leaders regarding intercultural problems among â€Å"different† people ever since mankind was created. Ethnic conflict is now becoming a new, everyday aspect of life.

The Ture College Experience :: essays research papers

College is the stepping stone from High School to the real world. College is intended not only to teach us knowledge, but also to prepare us for the next part of life. Not all college students get this preparation though. Those students are the ones that live at home and commute to school every day. These students miss out on the entire college culture. Being a commuter myself, I almost feel left out. If it were not being in the rigorous architecture program which demands hours and hours of studio work, I probably would not have meet ten percent of the people that I have met. Walking into my design studio for class, I hear people talking about what happened the night before in Goodyear, the freshman dormitory on South Campus. I am always intrigued to know what goes on daily at the dorms. Being as intrigued as I was, I decided to spend one night with my friend to try to get a feel of dorm culture One of the main goals of an architecture program is to teach the future architects to observe well. Now being in this program for only a semester has changed the way I view things. One thing that I noticed, from an architectural standpoint, is that the dorms are probably the poorest designed spaces on any college campus. Even I.M. Pei, one of the best architects in the world, could not design a dormitory that was spacious and efficient. That dorm is none other than the easily navigated Governors Complex. The spacious double rooms are much smaller than my own room. I do not understand how people can survive for long periods of time crammed into a small room with another person without going clinically insane. Fortunately I did not stay in Governors, for if I did I would have spent most of the night trying to find my friend’s dorm room. Instead, I decided to spend the night at Goodyear Dorm with my friend from architecture. Aside from Governors, the Goodyear dorm was fairly easy to find my way around. I was impressed at seeing the double rooms in Goodyear compared to Governors. The rooms were much bigger but still not large enough. Sleeping is another story. The word dormitory was given to this building because it is where people are supposed to sleep. The irony in this situation is that good sleep is not possible in the dorms.

Cerelac Essay

SYNOPSIS This is a semester project (Research Report) regarding a baby food product named Cerelac of Nest ©. It starts with an introduction about Nestl © followed by the history of Nestl ©. It gives a briefing about all the brands of Nestl ©. This report also includes the marketing mix of the product. All the 4Ps of marketing mix for the product has been discussed and explained to reveal the significance of its product, pricing, placing and promotional activities. BCG matrix has also been included in this report to know about the current standing of brand in local culture. Segmentation and target marketing will help to understand the criteria of Nestl © marketing for the specific product. In the end, there are some recommendations for the company to enhance their profitably according to our research. After that, report has been concluded. INTRODUCTION Today, Nestl © is the world leading Food Company. Nestl © headquarters is in Switzerland. Its international R&D network supports the products made in more than 500 factories in 86 countries. The Nestl © factories are operating in the region of: Africa America Asia   Europe Oceania Being a company dedicated to food from the beginning, Nestl © remains sensitive to culinary and eating habits, and responds to specific nutritional problems, whilst also setting and matching new trends such as growing out-of-home consumption and caring about the well being of its consumers. Meaning Of Nestl © Henri Nestl © endowed his company with the symbol derived from his name. His family coat of arms, the nest with a mother bird protecting her young, became the Company’s logo and a symbol of the Company’s care and attitude to life-long nutrition. The Nestl © nest represents the nourishment, security and sense of family hat are so essential to life. 1866 -1905 In the 1860s Factories were established in developing countries, particularly Latin America. Ironically, the war helped with the introduction of the Company’s newest product, Nescafe, which was a staple drink of the US military. Nestl’s production and sales rose in the wartime economy. 1944 – 1975 The end of World War II was the beginning of a dynamic phase for Nestl ©. Growth accelerated and companies were acquired. In 1947 came the merger with Magi seasonings and soups. Crosse & Blackwell followed in 1950, as did Findus (1963), Libby’s (1971) and Stouffer’s (1973). Diversification came with a shareholding in L’l 1974. 1975- 1981 Nestl ©Ã¢â‚¬â„¢s growth in the developing world partially offset a slowdown in the Company’s traditional markets. Nestl © made its second venture outside the food industry by acquiring Alcon Laboratories Inc. 1981 – 1996 Nestl © divested a number of businesses1980 / 1984. In 1984, Nestl ©Ã¢â‚¬â„¢s improved bottom line allowed the Company to launch a new round of acquisitions, the most 1996 + The first half of the 1990s proved to be favorable for Nestl ©: trade barriers crumbled and world markets developed into more or less integrated trading areas. Since 1996 here have been acquisitions including San Pellegrino (1997), Spillers Pet foods (1998) and Ralston Purina (2002). There were two major acquisitions in North America, both in 2002: in July, Nestl © merged its U. S. ice cream business into Dreyer’s, and in August, a USD 2. 6bn acquisition was announced of Chef America, Inc. Mission Statement â€Å"Nestl © is dedicated to providing the best foods to people throughout their day, throughout their lives, throughout the world. With our unique experience of anticipating consumers’ needs and creating solutions, Nestl © contributes to your ell-being and enhances your quality of life.

Habits of Mind: Learning framework Essay

1.0 Introduction Whilst learning your brain absorbs information like a big pink sponge; It is said that if you are in the right frame of mind, learning becomes simple and you gain information with ease. If your stressed, tired or just not up for it, your brain almost repels information making it very difficult to learn anything at all. Everyone who studies have different approaches to their own style of learning, some being better than others. Habits of mind is a learning framework that has been praised as being the next step in learning, its unique technique allows students to learn at their own pace as well as enjoying the stress free atmosphere that occurs when studying. Although not considered as an official learning technique, habits of mind will soon underpin most academic styles of learning. 2.0 Literature Review Habits of mind is a concept that has been around since the time of Aristotle,  Socrates and many other ancient philosophers. Although not called Habits of mind at the time, these men established that learning can be broken down to fundamental processes of thought. A simple process would be the way we interpret the world around us; the sun burns us, so we don’t stay outside for too long, sharp edges slice our skin, so we avoid touching them. It’s the smallest pieces of stimulus that drive our existence, and it is our habits of mind that control our actions in response to these stimuli. However it is not our actions that habits of mind could have the greatest impact on, it is our capacity to learn. The following is a review of the article, â€Å"Theorising habits of mind as a framework for learning† (John Campbell). It includes detailed comparisons and variations of past and present information regarding habits of mind, to a number of different learning framework s and concludes habits of mind as being an appropriate technique suitable for all types of learning development. Brain researchers have found direct links between habits of mind and the brain itself, discovering similarities in the processes of the brain and the techniques used in habits of mind. One of these is the storage and recollection of data within our brain. Our brain will store new data every time we experience something, the more we experience something, the faster we can retrieve information on what we are experiencing. Habits of mind has basically the same process, as we gather data through all our senses we use this data to formulate opinions, theories, conclusions Etc. With our brain in direct link to habits of mind, it seems almost foolish that we view habits of mind as being anything but a positive framework for learning development. In the past, the development of theories, processes, hypothesis’ that have eventually lead to what we call habits of mind, have all in their own specific way, underpinned habits of mind and continue to support it as more and more people recog nise the techniques associated with it. With its popularity steadily increasing, the number of teachers that incorporate it into their daily teachings is growing exponentially. However due to the fact that it is not yet recognised as a successful framework for learning by the academic community, this is being seen as a step back from traditional learning techniques. If habits of mind does become the new learning framework for the future generation, then how will these people benefit from its unique approach to learning? Students that use the habits  of mind learning framework have benefited from a many number of different things, and due to the nature of the learning, the knowledge learned through habits of mind seems to â€Å"stick† more than traditional learning techniques. Being a student can be very stressful, especially if you’re younger dealing with the constant distraction of a social life that has been put aside for the benefit of your education. Well, habits of mind eliminates this distraction by implementing it into your study life in small amounts. You won’t be studying in dream world, or wet ‘n’ wild, but maybe at the beach or at the park. Small changes to your environment can make dramatic impacts to your stress levels while you study, some people could even learn to enjoy studying. The article in question dove into habits of mind and presented all the facts and figures necessary to consider habits of mind as a successful learning framework for the future generation of learning. It went into specific detail and outlined its good and bad points allowing the reader to make their own opinion on the subject, which is good because everyone is different and everyone has their own opinions of studying. 3.0 Method In order to collect some useful primary information in regards to learning styles I have devised a questionnaire that outlines a person’s learning style as well as identifies whether or not they would benefit from the habits of mind framework. The following questionnaire is set for a younger audience (university Students) and is designed to identify a students learning style, attitude towards learning and from there we can determine if habits of mind can benefit them personally. Q1) when are faced with a problem, you: a) Use a hands on approach to solve the problem b) Think about the problem and devise a solution c) Ask others for help, then solve the problem together Q2) someone asks you a question you don’t know the answer to, after quickly hesitating you: a) Answer their question to the best of your knowledge b) Change the subject c) Lie Q3) what helps you study more? a) Music b) Repetitive writing c) reading Q4) the hardest thing a about studying is: A) The workload B) It bores you C) How long it takes Q5) the perfect day for YOU includes: a) A sunny day at the beach b) A relaxing day in the shade c) A rainy, cosy day indoors Q6) do you enjoy learning? a) Yes b) No c) Depends on what I am learning Q7) a fight is occurring between your friend and a stranger, you: a) Approach them both calmly and try to resolve the situation b) Kick the other guy in the face, chuck Norris style. c) Stand and watch, without intervening. Q8) you frequently take breaks when studying because: a) Learning is boring, so you eventually get tired and need breaks b) To keep your mind active c) Because you straight-up couldn’t be arsed Q9) do you have your own study area? a) Yes b) No c) Study area? Q10) Read through the previous questions, what do you think this questionnaire was really about? A) How to think B) How to study C) How you study D) How you think Each of the previous questions was selected in order to fully understand how each person who took the questionnaire thinks. The following is a breakdown of each question, and what they were really asking you. Question one was a very basic learning styles question, it simply identifies if you are a cognitive, visual or auditory learner. Question two identifies how you react to problems under pressure and identifies your minds response time, in regards to withdrawing appropriate information. Question three is another basic learning styles question, again it identifies if you are a cognitive, visual or auditory learner. Question four is a probing question; it recognises what you hate most about studying. Question five is another probing question and relates directly to question four. After being â€Å"setup† by question four asking you the hardest part about studying, it presents the option of combining your perfect day with studying, in order to make things easier. Question six gets the person to realise whether or not they actually like studying, it also begs the question, why not? Question seven is another probing question, it focuses on the strain of stressful situations and how one reacts accordingly, whether it be kicking your problem in the face, or breaking the problem into smaller more manageable pieces. Question eight identifies your approach to learning, are you persistent? Or are you slack? Question nine quickly assesses the person’s current learning environment. Question ten is a probing question, it shows if the student was taking the test seriously and makes them think long and hard about the questions themselves, helps them to justify their answers as well as make corrections after grasping a deeper understanding of the questions. 4.0 Analysis and Discussion Habits of mind is a concrete system of learning that incorporates learning into everyday life, it helps us to face each day with the necessary knowledge and confidence in order to excel. The most effortless of tasks as well as the mentally and physical demanding obstacles of the day become a breeze, due to the simplicity habits of mind presents to all of us. 5.0 Conclusion Habits of mind will change learning in the future, that much is true, but will it change our perspective of learning? Yes, I believe that habits of  mind will eventually be adopted by the academic community all over the world, eventually becoming the base of our learning process. This extremely reliable learning framework is easy to use, easy to master and makes learning enjoyable, if you let it. It’s the combination of hundreds of years of learning techniques combined into one unyielding process of learning that everyone can understand. I believe that with the appropriate application of habits of mind within students of a younger age, habits of mind will eventually become the world’s main knowledge development method. 6.0 Recommendations I only have three recommendations, mainly because people don’t actually use them, they just read them agree with them and forget about them. So instead of going into detail I have selected the three most relevant recommendations that I believe will help you to study successfully. * Evaluate your study methods, see what needs improving and find ways to make it easier, more enjoyable. * Try. Try to study harder and for longer. Try to enjoy yourself. Play some music, go outside and study. * Incorporate habits of mind into your learning process, it can become a very useful tool benefiting you for life.

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Should Laser Eye Surgery Be Encouraged Essay Example for Free

Should Laser Eye Surgery Be Encouraged Essay What is laser eye surgery? Laser eye surgery or laser corneal sculpting is a medical procedure that utilizes a laser to reshape the surface of the eye in order to improve or correct eye vision (Better Health Channel, 2011). Laser eye surgery has become prevalence and there are several types of treatment available. The most popular laser eye surgery is known as LASIK, which stands for laser in-situ keratomileusis. LASIK is an eye surgery that permanently changes the shape of the cornea to treat the variety of vision problem (Linda, 2012). The first laser eye surgery was done on a patient who suffered astigmatism and it was successfully performed by E. Faber, a Dutch surgeon. Today as we walk into the streets, we can see many people wearing glasses. There is a study in some areas, such as China, India and Malaysia that up to 41 per cent of the adult population is suffering refractive errors (News Medical, n. d. ). Most of them depend on glasses and contact lenses because they are having eye problems such as short-sightedness, long-sightedness, etc. It has reached a critical phenomenon in our neighbour country that is Singapore, where 90 per cent of young people are short-sighted, compared with 15 to 30 per cent in Europe and the U. S (Coghlan and Page, 2002). If they had the choice, they would like to be free of this dependence by correcting their vision. One of the solutions to solve eye problems is undergoing laser eye surgery. However, people still worry about the possible problems that will happen during laser eye surgery. Although laser eye surgery has many adverse effects, in actual it increases a patient’s living convenience and comfort, is highly effective and cost-efficient, and provides surgical patients an improved lifestyle. Therefore, the purpose of this paper is to indicate the points of advocating laser eye surgery which could bring advantages in society. There is no doubt that wearing glasses or contact lenses has become a daily routine for many people. A normal eye vision has always been an unimaginable dream especially for those who are having eye sight problems. Therefore, it is common that people who are suffering from eye diseases consider the beneficial effects of having laser eye surgery to restore their vision back to normal. Laser eye surgery could free one from the hassle of wearing glasses. Especially for those who are active in sports, most of them prefer not to wear glasses or contact lenses because wearing contact lenses or glasses may affect their performance. For instance, people who engage in water sports such as swimming might not be able to enjoy themselves as water splashing is a problem. Apparently, taking up sports especially water sports are no longer suitable for people who need to wear glasses or contact lenses. Hence, laser eye surgery would be a favourable option for them. Contact lenses and glasses are no longer applicable in their lives after undergoing laser eye surgery. Furthermore, such activities as swimming and even spending a day at the beach become more pleasurable without the worries associated with corrective eyewear (Docshop, n. d. ). They do not need to worry about contact lenses drying off or glasses falling out, or need to prepare a spare pair of glasses or contact lenses after undergoing laser eye surgery. Patients are able to enjoy their life with a clear vision. In addition, people who have undergone laser eye surgery have found their vision improved. As a result, laser eye surgery improves convenience, comfort and productivity of their daily lives. For instance, people who suffer night-blindness are not able to drive at night. Also, glasses often steams up on cold nights. This has become a problem for people who are wearing glasses. People who are bothered by blurriness when driving a car are suitable to undergo laser eye surgery. As a result, they could drive easier especially at night. Ninety-nine per cent of all patients are able see well enough, independent of glasses, and able to drive a car by the next day of laser eye surgery (Laser Sight, n. d. ). They no longer need to rub their glasses while they are driving. Consequently, laser eye surgery could reduce the chances of car accidents. Besides, patients see increased confidence as their eye sight is nearly perfect after undergoing laser eye surgery. Laser eye surgery can be considered not only for people who have eye problems but also for cosmetic purposes especially for those who do not like to wear glasses. Some people may think that they would look better without wearing glasses. Even though contact lenses have the same function as glasses, sometimes wearing contact lenses may dry off and irritate their eyes. Furthermore, laser eye surgery could improve their social life. After undergoing laser eye surgery, many patients find that the ability to see more clearly than ever before help them to be more outgoing socially (DocShop, n. . ). They feel at ease in dimly-lit atmosphere especially for those people who are formerly disoriented while trying to see in a dark place. They also would have a better appearance without wearing glasses as glasses always been a ‘barrier’ in front of their eyes. Next, laser eye surgery is also highly effective and safe for most people. LASIK has been proven to be safe and effective for most people (Randleman, n. d. ). Ninety-nine percent of people who have had LASIK have excellent results (Carollo, 2010, cited in Dr. Robert, 2010). Ninety per cent of patients in between the age range of forty to sixty years old who underwent the LASIK procedure said they were happy with the results (Laino, 2011). With the advancement of technology, surgical success rate has increased. The professional skills and modern precautionary measures in addition alleviate the risks of laser eye surgery since there are many safety measures available. Hence, people should not be too worried about the risks of laser eye surgery, but to put more trust in today’s technology. Furthermore, as laser eye surgery has become more prevalent, the surgical costs have become more competitive. Many clinics reduce the surgical costs of laser eye surgery to a reasonable price so that it is affordable. Instead of comparing the qualification and standard of surgeon, usually people who are considering laser eye surgery will make price comparison so that they would not waste much money. There are also several parties that provide financial assistance and subsidies to help with those who need to undergo eye surgery. For instance, Lions Club International, Mission Cataract USA, Knights Templar Eye Foundation and many other organizations give out financial help to those who are having financial problem (Helaine, n. d. ). Government also gives subsidies for patients to undergo eye surgery at government hospitals or health institutes. With the aid by government and organizations, patients no longer worry about lack of insurance and they are able to undergo eye treatment. Apart from the costs of laser eye surgery, the efficiency of laser eye surgery is also considerable. For some people, time can be as valuable as money. Therefore, it is very common that many people worry how long it would take for a laser eye surgery. With the rapid advancement of technology, actually laser eye surgery is not time-consuming at all. Nowadays, the procedure of this surgery is fast. In most cases, laser eye surgery can be done within fifteen minutes for both eyes (Wachler, 2012). This means that the surgery only takes few minutes for both eyes. Furthermore, the healing process after undergoing laser eye surgery is fast too. If patients listen to the instructions and take good care of their yes, the recovery will only take a few days (Hamilton, 2011). Besides efficiency of laser eye surgery, it can be also a life-changing chance for the deprived. Laser eye surgery can be a turning point for those who are having difficulty in seeing distant objects. Some people who are born with poor eye vision or eye diseases can be corrected by undergoing laser eye surgery. Laser eye surgery may be necessary for those who are having se vere eye diseases to slow down the deterioration of eye vision. Their eyes will feel more comfortable after undergoing laser eye surgery. Most of the nearsighted patients who have undergone LASIK eye surgery will enjoy â€Å"good distance vision their whole life’ (Thau, 2011, cited in Dr. Salz, 2011). However, there are still groups of people who are against laser eye surgery. They strongly believe that going for laser eye surgery can lead to possibility of blindness. This could result from flap-related complications, equipment malfunction, infection, scarring, or extreme changes in corneal shape postoperatively (Randleman, n. d. ). Besides that, some of the patients who have undergone laser eye surgery might have their eye vision improved temporarily. Their eye sight problem might return after several years of surgery. This is more common in patients with hyperopia, or farsightedness (Randleman, n. d. ). Reading glasses are needed to prevent any changes in their vision after LASIK surgery. They may need to undergo an additional surgery after their initial LASIK. In actual fact, there are many safety measures available in this modern era, so people actually do not need to worry about the implications of laser eye surgery. Laser eye surgery has proven to be safe. It is an effective alternative to eye drops as a first-line treatment for patients (NEI Press Release, 1995). Besides, laser eye surgery has been available since the late ‘80s in Canada and it was approved in the US since 1995 (Soyouwanna, n. d. ). The number of patients increases every year and it is expected that over one million people have undergone the surgery in the United States. Normally, laser eye surgery is done by a licensed surgeon. Therefore, patients have remote chances of having complications. Actually with any surgical procedures, there are risks. People should understand any possible side effects or complications that might happen by undergoing laser eye surgery. With the rapid advancement of technology, the invention of laser eye surgery decreases the complication into a very low rate and it brings hope for those who are having eye sight problem. Nowadays, many scientists have invented new technologies in order to change the way the world operates. However, new technologies are not trustable. This is because people are unable to enhance the new technologies since they are all new. Even the professionals need some time to learn to utilize the new installations. The ability of a surgeon is more important than promoting the technology. Lack of ability and practice in handling new equipments might cause disastrous consequences to the patients. Insufficient of standard professionals also remain a difficulty for the department of ophthalmology. The ratio of ophthalmologists to population was 1:200,000 and that of mid-level ophthalmic personnel was 1:229,126 (Husainzada, 2007). The lack of human resources in eye care makes it unable to provide efficient eye medical services to the patients. This will likely affect the quality in delivering the medical care to the patients. At the same time, patients should do preparations before laser eye surgery. If people want to undergo laser eye surgery, they should find suitable qualified doctors. They should do more researches on surgical providers’ credentials and qualifications. The surgeon should be an experienced specialist. On the other fact is that if patients follow the instructions strictly, the complications can be reduced. Patients should know what they have to do or don’t for their surgery. With careful patient selection, reasonable expectations, and in the care of an experienced surgeon, most of the patients will be happy with their results (Randleman, n. d. ). Next, there are also some problems to be faced while considering laser eye surgery. Laser eye surgery can be the best way to restore one’s vision back to normal. Somehow, it may worsen the vision after undergoing laser eye surgery. For instance, glare is experienced by many laser eye surgery patients which results in decreased night vision (Dlxguard, n. d. ). They could not drive at night as they could not see clearly while they are driving. This condition could not be corrected by wearing glasses and contact lenses. Laser eye surgery, like any procedure, carries with it some degree of risk. On the other hand, side effects are uncommon and only happen on a small percentage of patients. There will be no significant vision loss if the condition is treated early. The procedure is generally accurate and precise because the laser is guided by a computer. According to a study done by at ARVO reporting on 1,510 eyes that underwent wavefront-guided LASIK using VisX CustomVue technology and IntraLase flaps and the results showed that 95. 6% of the eyes were 20/20 or better in three months (Helzner, 2010, cited in Dr. Probst, 2010). If the patients are really involved in any complications, enhancements can be done. Further treatment can improve the vision if it is treated early. Patients have to undergo additional surgery after initial surgery for a better vision. Somehow, most of the complications can be solved if it is discovered early. All in all, laser eye surgery not only increases a patient’s living convenience and comfort, it also provides surgical patients an improved lifestyle. In addition to that, it is highly effective and cost-efficient because it can reduce expenses in the long run. Hence, it is worth to pay for the surgery as it could change how a person sees the world differently with a perfect eye sight. The false beliefs of the risks of laser eye surgery should be corrected as people should understand that every surgical procedure has its risks. Nowadays, the technology has developed in many countries. This shows that the technology is trustable to be utilized as many safety measures are available. Patients should follow the precautionary steps to prevent any possible complications occur. Complications are rare. Even if it really happens, further treatment can be done. Therefore, laser eye surgery has become safer. In conclusion, laser eye surgery has beneficial effects for society and it is a better way to return their vision quickly. Eye is a unique creation of God. It is like a window that keeps us stay connected with this beautiful world to let us see what is happening around us. Nobody would ever want to be without vision. Hence, people should not neglect the importance of eye care. The discovery of laser eye surgery has revolutionized the eye care industry. Ever since, the laser eye surgery has become increasingly popular and people are looking forward for further improvement of laser eye surgery. The government and relevant authorities should implement strict regulatory enforcement, so as to ensure surgical providers comply with the required standards and safety measures. Individuals contemplating the surgery should also be aware of the potential risks and make informed decisions. Therefore, laser eye surgery should be encouraged as there are some beneficial effects for society, such as being highly economical and effective, improving patient’s appearance and productivity, as well as enhancing patient’s lifestyle.